Increasing attention is being paid to the heterogeneous identity of Indian South Africans. This article contributes to this literature by highlighting the distinct migratory history of Gujarati South Africans and the importance these histories have in perceptions of community identity. It traces key features of the early Gujarati migratory process, the ways in which Gujarati identities have been reconfigured over the past century, the relationship between Gujarati Hindus and Muslims, Gujarati mobility, how Gujaratis fit into the broader Indian population and how Gujarat is imagined within the diaspora in the contemporary moment. An ‘Imagined Community’ in Diaspora: Gujaratis in South Africa